An identifier for an atom.
Of the form prefix:suffix where prefix and suffix
are purely alphanumeric (with _ and -) and prefix
is optional. This is similar to XML IDs (and we promote
this as good practice for atomIDs. Other punctuation and
whitespace is forbidden, so IDs from (say) PDB files are
not satisfactory.
The prefix is intended to form a pseudo-namespace so that
atom IDs in different molecules may have identical suffixes.
It is also useful if the prefix is the ID for the molecule
(though this clearly has its limitation). Atom IDs should not
be typed as XML IDs since they may not validate.
<cml title="example of IDs on atoms">
<molecule id="m1">
<atomArray>
<!-- this atom might be referenced as m1:a2. This is not formally
part of CML yet -->
<atom id="a2" elementType="O"/>
</atomArray>
</molecule>
<molecule id="m2">
<atomArray>
<!-- this atom might be referenced as m2:a2. This is not formally
part of CML yet -->
<atom id="a2" elementType="O"/>
</atomArray>
</molecule>
</cml>